读医学网

伦敦大学玛丽皇后学院生物工程学家研究称：骨质疏松或骨折患者可能会受益于一个新发现的蛋白质，新发现的蛋白质在骨再生中发挥重要作用。

在牙釉质（它是牙齿的重要组成部分）形成过程中所发现的蛋白statherin的局部片段可以用于促进骨生长。研究人员Alvaro Mata说：令人惊讶的是，我们现在可以使用这个特定分子增强身体内骨骼生长。

发表在Biomaterials杂志上的这项研究中，团队利用不同蛋白质的片段来创建生物活性膜，以分析哪个蛋白质在骨再生中发挥特别重要作用。在大鼠模型中，蛋白statherin表现出骨刺激效果，研究人员用分析技术来可视化并测量新形成的钙化组织。

论文合著者Esther Tejeda-Montes博士说：利用这些分子创造蛋白质膜意味着它可以是具有生物活性的，是容易处理的，可以在骨受伤部位运用。Mata博士补充说：我们的工作使得创建强大的合成骨移植物成为可能，以促进骨自然再生过程。

Mineralization andbone regeneration using a bioactive elastin-like recombinamer membrane

EstherTejeda-Montesa,et al.

The search foralternative therapies to improve bone regeneration continues to be a majorchallenge for the medical community. Here we report on the enhancedmineralization, osteogenesis, and in vivo bone regeneration properties of abioactive elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) membrane. Three bioactive ELRsexhibiting epitopes designed to promote mesenchymal stem cell adhesion (RGDS),mineralization (DDDEEKFLRRIGRFG), and both cell adhesion and mineralizationwere synthesized using standard recombinant protein techniques. 

The ELRmaterials were then used to fabricate membranes comprising either a smoothsurface (Smooth) or channel microtopographies (Channels). Mineralization andosteoblastic differentiation of primary rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) wereanalyzed in both static and dynamic (uniaxial strain of 8% at 1 Hz frequency)conditions.

 Smooth mineralization membranes in static condition exhibited thehighest quantity of calcium phosphate (Ca/P of 1.78) deposition with andwithout the presence of cells, the highest Young s modulus, and the highestproduction of alkaline phosphatase on day 10 in the presence of cells growingin non-osteogenic differentiation medium. 

These membranes were tested in a 5mm-diameter critical-size rat calvarial defect model and analyzed for boneformation on day 36 after implantation. Animals treated with the mineralizationmembranes exhibited the highest bone volume within the defect as measured bymicro-computed tomography and histology with no significant increase ininflammation. This study demonstrates the possibility of using bioactive ELRmembranes for bone regeneration applications.